This document is the rapporteur’s report of the National Roundtable on “A Viable Framework for Fiscal Prudence,” held on November 4, 2023, as part of the Indian Democracy at Work Series. It encapsulates discussions on three key themes: constitutional mechanisms to safeguard public finances in a federal polity, sustainable pension systems for government employees, and a viable roadmap for universal social security coverage. Outlining the deliberations in the roundtable, the report provides insights into fiscal challenges, policy options, and proposed reforms aimed at ensuring fiscal responsibility and sustainable economic growth in India.