Dr. Jayaprakash Narayan addresses the intricate relationship between employment, poverty, and productivity in India. He critiques the effectiveness of liberalization in reducing unemployment and highlights the growing share of the unorganized sector as evidence of policy failures. Narayan advocates for a more comprehensive approach to boost employment and reduce poverty by enhancing skills, improving public services, and creating opportunities for the vulnerable. He emphasizes the need for practical policies that truly empower the unorganized workers.